Analyzing Counseling Theories








Analyzing Counseling Theories
Analyzing Counseling Theories
Part 1: Chart

Theory 1: Cognitive Behavioral Therapy
Theory 2: Reality/Choice Therapy
Background Theory


Origins of cognitive therapy can be traced back to the Stoic philosophers
Modern roots stem back to the 1960’s
Therapeutic history derived from classical conditioning
Developed by William Glasser in the 1960’s
Concepts of reality therapy extended into choice therapy in the 1970’s
Developed to help people how fantasy can distract choices they control in life
Human Nature


Focus on changing negative schemas and social dysfunction
Helps identify negative constructs, moods and replace them with healthier ways of thinking
People can directly choose thoughts and actions; we have great difficulty in directly choosing our feelings and our physiology
Major Constructs


Focus on the present, more limited, and more problem solving orientations
Teaches skills to identify distorted thinking, modifying beliefs, relating to others, and modifying behavior
Therapists select techniques based on their ongoing conceptualization of the patient and his or her problems and their specific goals for the session.
Cognitive therapy interventions must also be adapted for older adults, children, and adolescents and for group, couples, and family treatment.
Theory is composed of four aspects; thinking, acting, feeling, and physiology
Focuses on 4 psychological needs that follow survival: being loved, the need for power, the need for freedom, and the need for fun.
Explains how people are constantly trying to meet these needs.
Focuses on the present
Includes involvement, evaluating current behavior, planning potential behavior, and making a commitment to the plan.

Applications


Used in counseling of anxiety, eating, substance abuse, relationship, and personality disorders in the short-term
Used for a variety of medical problems with psychological components
In...