CHAPTER 1
1.1 INTRODUCTION:
Residents of rural areas feel that economical, social and political opportunities are not available to them in their place of origin. The environment stimulates villagers desire to change their basic local and rationale of their economic activities and which, in consequence, determines the volume, characteristics, and importance of rural-urban migration. Akin, (2010)
Urbanization presents a basic alteration in the society in which people move from generally smaller, mainly agricultural communities to larger, mainly non-agricultural communities. The socio-economic dimension involving permanent transformation of skills, attitudes, motivations, and behavioral patterns enables migrant to break completely with the rural background and become entirely committed to urban life. Akin, (2010)
Pakistan like other developing countries in the region has witnessed accelerated process of urbanization. The country experienced massive urban population explosion due to immigrants coming from India, right at its inception. A majority of them settled in the urban areas particularly, Karachi and Lahore. It was estimated that a significant number of people arrived in Lahore and other areas of Punjab. This resulted pressure on the urban land and infrastructure of these cities. The total population of Lahore district was 6.32 million, while the migrants among them were 1.03 million, which constituted about 16.4 percent of the whole population. Thus the area faced educational, water, sanitation and other social problems because of squatter settlements that are rapidly emerging to house these migrants. Wasif, (2004)
The Urbanization has positive as well as negative effects on society. It provides number of facilities and better standard of life, as well as it also negatively affect the life by societal issues. It leads not only to overpopulation of the urban areas but also encourages crime in the society. Those who engage in crime...