In his book “Changes in the Land: Indians, Colonists, and the Ecology of New England”, Cronon is trying to examine how does the settlement of Europeans affect the environment of New England. Since all human consciously change their environments to some extent, it is hard to say the change is good or bad. The ideology from Indians and Europeans will confront with each other’s due to their different points of view and their very different cultures. Instead of praising how wonderful the transformation is or complaining how maimed the land becomes after the transformation, Cronon focuses his work on how does the life styles and interactions between human and environment of both groups change the land. Similar to Kroeber’s point of view, Cronon claims that the environment influences its residents’ culture and the residents’ culture will change the environment as well, their influences on each other form a circle. As Europeans started their exploration in the New England, they were amazed by the richness of this land. They found whole bunch of abundant species, which they viewed as “merchantable commodities”. They brought along British culture and the land was then transformed in a way that the Indians were hard to interact like they used to. The European settlers and the Indians had very different values on life and had differing opinions on how they should use the land around them. According to Cronon, “Many European visitors were struck by what seemed to them the poverty of Indians who lived in the midst of a landscape endowed so astonishingly with abundance”.