Key Terms
Agora – Greek marketplace
Bard – Storyteller
Arete – Strive for excellence
Ephors – 5 overseers of Sparta
Archons – Rulers of Athens
Phalanx – Military formation
Frescoes – paintings on wet plaster
Pater Familias – Father of one’s country
Hoplite – Foot soldier
Sophist – Teacher
Pedagogue – Slaves who served as teachers
Enfranchisement or suffrage – Right to vote
Epicureanism – Seek pleasure
Interdict – Pope says a country’s sacraments are no longer valid
Longbow/Cannon – Developed in the 100 Years War
Dauphin – Heir to the throne of France
Market Economy – Land, labor, & capital controlled by 1 person
Domestic System – Home businesses
Coup d’etat – Forceful overthrow of the government
Hanseatic League – A trade alliance formed by powerful Greek trading cities
Mass Production – Use of the assembly line
Monopoly – Complete control of a market by a single firm
Cartel – Combined corporations
Depression – Low point in a business cycle
Free Enterprise – Capitalism
Corporation – Business with stocks and chairpersons
Collective Bargaining – Unions speak for workers and negotiate with bosses
Edict of Nantes – Protected the Huguenots and gave them fortified cities
Huguenots – French Calvinists
30 Years War – Ended by the Treaty of Westphalia, German civil war ended by France
Mercantilism – Based on the principle of expansion = wealth
Boyars – Russian Nobles
War of Spanish Succession – War to determine the next ruler of Spain
Pantheon - Temple
Compurgation – Trial by character witnesses
Predestination – Calvinist (Presbyterian) belief
Spiritual Exercises – Used by Ignatius Loyola (Jesuits)
Presbyterianism – Scottish Calvinism
“Defender of the Faith” – Title given to King Henry VIII for action against Luther
Renaissance – Intellectual rebirth of Europe
Humanists – People well educated in the fine arts of literature and history
Theocracy – Church leaders = government officials
Counter-Reformation – Reform movement of the...