Chapter 9: Federal Bureaucracy
1. Line agencies- Those that carry out government policies and provide various types of services. Staff agencies- They don’t execute policies nor provide services. Instead they gather information and make it available to the chief executive officer whenever it is needed.
2. The independent regulatory commissions are organized by five commissioners each who are appointed by the president with the advice and consent of the Senate. Functions that they perform are making important decisions in the areas of the economy that they regulate.
3. Organizations that make up the Executive Office of the president are: the White House Office, Office of management and building, the Council of Economic Advisors, National Security Council and several smaller units.
4. Congress can exercise control over the federal bureaucracy
Chapter 10: The Judiciary
1. Five types of law: Common Law- “Judge Law” a set of rules that has been created by judges in the course of rendering decisions on court cases. Equity- A system of law that provides relief in situations in which common law or statutory remedies are inadequate, especially through the issuance of injunctions to prevent injuries. Statutory Law- A law that has been formally declared by a legislature in contrast to a “judge made” law. Constitutional Law- Law based on the provisions of state and federal constitutions. Administrative Law- Rules and regulations issued by departments and agencies of the executive branch of government.
2. The main federal courts and their jurisdictions are, the constitutional court which are established by Congress and declares that “the judicial power of the U.S shall be vested in one supreme Court and such inferior Courts as the Congress may from time to time ordain and establish.” Legislative courts are to constitute tribunals inferior to the Supreme Court.
3. Writ of certiorari- “to be made certain”. A discretionary writ granted by...