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Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivation
Steven Reiss Teaching of Psychology 2012 39: 152 DOI: 10.1177/0098628312437704 The online version of this article can be found at: http://top.sagepub.com/content/39/2/152
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The Generalist’s Corner
Teaching of Psychology 39(2) 152-156 ª The Author(s) 2012 Reprints and permission: sagepub.com/journalsPermissions.nav DOI: 10.1177/0098628312437704 http://top.sagepub.com
Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivation
Steven Reiss1
Abstract Psychologists have posited two types of motivation theories. Dualistic theories divide motivation into two types: intrinsic and extrinsic. Multifaceted theories, in contrast, recognize a number of genetically distinct motives. Intrinsic-extrinsic dualism fails on at least three counts: construct validity, measurement reliability, and experimental control. Many researchers have thus moved beyond the study of intrinsic-extrinsic motivation and validated multifaceted theories. When teaching students about the multifaceted nature of motivation, teachers can take several steps to improve their students’ understanding of this understudied area of psychology Keywords motivation, intrinsic motivation, needs, 16 basic desires
Psychologists have put forth two kinds of motivation theories: dualism and multifaceted theory (Reiss, 2004a). Dualism divides human motives into two types, for example, mindbody, approach-avoidance,...