Major structural parts of the cell
A. Cell membrane(plasma membrane)
B. Nucleus
C. Cytoplasm
A. CELL MEMBRANE (plasma membrane)
Structure- Phospholipid bilayer with protein molecules and cholesterol embedded in the phospholipid bilayer.
Function- regulates the passage of materials into and out of the cell.
Selectively permeable- process that allows certain molecules through but not others.
Movements through the cell membrane 2 ways
Passive Mechanism
1. Diffusion- movement of molecules or ions from an are of high concentration to an are of low concentration of that molecule Ex O2, CO2
2. Facilitated Diffusion- “diffusion” using a membrane carrier protein
Ex glucose
3. Osmosis- movement of water molecules from an are of high concentration of H2O to an are of lower concentration through a selectively permeable membrane.
4. Filtration- movement of a substance through a membrane by hydrostatic pressure
Active Mechanism
1. Active transport- movement of molecules or ions from an are of low concentration to an are of high concentration of that molecule using a carrier a protein and cellular energy (ATP)
2. Endocytosis- process by which large molecules enter the cell - forms a vesicle
3. Exocytosis- process by which large molecules exit the cell.
B. THE NUCLEUS
Nuclear envelope- structure: phospholipid and protein
Function: to regulate movement of material between the nucleus and cytoplasm.
Chromatin- structure: long thin stand of DNA/protein
Function: regulate cell activity, store hereditary info
Nucleolus- structure: condensed chromatin, RNA, protein
Function: ribosome synthesis
C. CYTOPLASM (name given organelle)
Membrane Organelle
1. Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum- Structure: flattened, membrane with ribosome’s. Function: intracellular transport
2. Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum- Structure: flattened membrane without ribosome’s. Function: lipid synthesis
3. Golgi Apparatus-...