Electricity
The electrical current is the rate of the flow of charged electrons. We measure the current using an ammeter.
The potential difference (voltage) is the energy required to move an electron thought a circuit through the negative and positive terminals in a battery.
A series circuit is a circuit that has one loop.
A parallel circuit has multiple loops where the energy is transferred evenly then adds back up.
The greater the resistance the slower the circuit.
Resistance is measured in ohms.
An insulator has complete resistance allowing no current to flow through.
A conductor has no resistance to the flow of current.
Dependant resistors are insulators in some conditions, and conductors in others.
(P=vxi)
Watts (p) measures the electric power of a component, the number of watts tells us how much electricity they use.
Voltage is the difference between the negative and positive electrode.
In a circuit the amount of energy transferred is measured in kilowatts it is calculated using the following formula: kWxTime (hours)=the amount of energy transferred in that time.
Magnets
The earth behaves like a bar magnet because it has a core made of iron and nickel.
When an electrical current passes through a wire it creates a small magnetic field to be formed.
Waves and energy transfer
It is possible to see shapes of waves as they travel through water.
When viewed from above waves can be seen traveling in a transverse motion.
Waves viewed from the side have the following features: The height of the wave is the amplitude, the top of the wave is the peak, the trough is the bottom of a wave, the amplitude is the distance from 0 displacement to the peak/trough, the wavelength is the distance between the peak to the peak.
Waves can iteract with each other this is called interference
If peaks and trough arrive at exacty the same time they will combine.
If waves arrive out of phase they will cancel each other out.
Sound and Light.
Light...