Scientific Revolution
Scientific revolution is a period where in various branches of science physics, astronomy, biology, human anatomy, chemistry, and other sciences led to a rejection of doctrines that had prevailed from Ancient Greece through the Middle Ages, and laid the foundation of modern science. According to the majority of scholars, the Scientific Revolution began with the publication of two works that changed the course of science in 1543 and continued through the late 17th century: Nicolaus Copernicus's De revolutionibus orbium coelestium (On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Spheres) and Andreas Vesalius's De humani corporis fabrica (On the Fabric of the Human body). Philosopher and historian Alexandre Koyré coined the term Scientific Revolution in 1939 to describe this epoch
The science of the late Renaissance was significant in establishing a base for many modern sciences. The scientist J. D. Bernal believed that “the renaissance enabled a scientific revolution which let scholars look at the world in a different light. Religion, superstition, and fear were replaced by reason and knowledge”. Despite some challenges to Roman Catholic dogma, however, many notable figures of time known today as the Scientific Revolution - Copernicus, Kepler, Newton, and even Galileo - remained devout in their faith.
The Scientific Revolution was not marked by any single change. The following new ideas contributed to what is called the Scientific Revolution:
• The replacement of the Earth by the Sun as the center of the solar system
• The replacement of the Aristotelian theory that matter was continuous and made up of the elements Earth, Water, Air, Fire, and Aether by rival ideas that matter was atomistic or corpuscular or that its chemical composition was even more complex.
• The replacement of the Aristotelian idea that by their nature, heavy bodies moved straight down toward their natural places; that by their nature, light bodies moved naturally straight up...