ECONOMIC TRANSFORMATION OF SOUTH EAST ASIA
Profesor Jamalludin Sulaiman
Office: C14/003
Tel: 04-6534618 / 04-6532907
Office Hours: Wednesdays: 3 – 5 pm
Fridays: 3 – 5 pm
e-mail: jamals@usm.my
SOUTH EAST ASIA
NO ONE country can represent South East Asia.
No single ‘Southeast Asian Model’ of
economic development.
Have little in common apart from geographic proximity
and being member of ASEAN (except East Timor).
Shows continuities and disjunctions; the challenges and
the great diversity.
Outward-looking economies - Singapore and Malaysia and to a lesser
extend Thailand and Philippines
Inward-looking economies - Myanmar (once were Vietnam & Indonesia)
Characterization is NOT PERMENENT
ECONOMIC STRUCTURAL TRANSFORMATION
We l e a d
What is it?
What is structure?
Agriculture
Industrial
Services
Biggest or most significant?
THE TRANSFORMATION PROCESS
We l e a d
Agriculture – the first economic activity, just like all other
countries in the world.
Over time, the economic structure transformed into industrial
and other sectors by design (policy and planning)
Some cases are unavoidable because of changes in the nation.
This change or transformation is part of economic growth and
development.
Growth and Development
We l e a d
Other views on economic development
o 1970s - Economic Development redefined as poverty reduction or
elimination.
o Reducing inequality.
o Better employment opportunities.
o 1980s - World Bank suggested a broader perspective of
development.
Improve quality of life, better education, higher standards of
health, nutrition, less poverty, cleaner environment, freedom and
richer cultural life.
Growth and Development
We l e a d
THREE CORE VALUES OF DEVELOPMENT
1.
2.
3.
Sustenance: the ability to meet basic needs.
Food, shelter, health and protection. “Must have enough
in order to be more”.
Self-Esteem: to be a person.
Not used by others for their own ends....