Speech Acts and Events

Speech Acts and Events
Speech acts mean doing something as doing something; the speech changes the facts.

Felicity condition
Whether the speech will be felicitous or not is determined by the following aspect
The people stating should be appropriate
Example:

You may not stay here any longer if you do not pay.

Adi has to pay the expense for living in the dormitory for the following month. Then, he tells it to his friend that visit to his dormitory. His friend says, “You may not stay here any longer if you do not pay. The statement is not felicitous or appropriate because the one stating the statement is not appropriate. It should be owner of the dormitory stating the statement, not his friend.

Classification of speech acts
* Representatives – Speech acts state what the speaker believes to be the case or not. (Yule, 1996)
Example:
Indonesia is a republic state.

The statement states what the speaker believes to be the case. It is true that Indonesia is a republic state.

* Directives – Speech acts that are used by the speakers use to get someone else to do something. (Yule, 1996)
Example:
Could you please spell the word slowly?

The speaker is directing someone else to spell the word they are talking about once again.

* Expressive – The speech acts state what the speakers feel. (Yule, 1996)
Example:
I thank you for your time.

Thanking states the feeling of the speaker that has got or felt something exciting from someone else.

* Commissives – Speakers use these speech acts to commit themselves to some future actions. (Yule, 1996)
Example:
I’ll send the file via email tonight.

The speaker commits himself to someone else that he will send the file via email.

* Declaratives – These speech acts change the world via utterances. (Yule, 1996)
Example:
Judge: The defendant is sentenced five years in prison.

The statement above changes the fact or the life of the defendant that he or she is getting punishment...