Transition to Romantic Era
Downfall to patronage
Music as self preservation
New view of artist
Art for art’s sake
Nationalism
Relation to literature
Expanded orchestra
Concert hall tradition
Romantic Style
Classical, tuneful melodies in short symmetrical phrases.
Harmony uses chords within a key
Rhythm is straightforward
Balanced symmetrical form
Classical Style
Tuneful, sweeping melodies, irregular
Harmony key outside the key- dissonance
Rhythm uses rubato- slow tempo
Standard Classical forms enlarged=new forms
The Lied
A song for voice and piano
Piano- more than accompaniment
Poem of song is important
Shubert’s lied was The Erkling
The Erkling
Shubert’s Lied based off of poem of Goethe
About death of a son
Program Music
A piece of instrumental music, often for symphony orchestra that seeks to recreate events and emotions from an event.
Composers of the Romantic Period found inspiration from outside sources other than music
Hector Berlioz
Composer of program music who wrote Fantasique
Little exposure to music when young, dropped out of school for music, used new forms,
Fantasique
Story of unrequited love- his despair and rejection
Story came from attending shakespear play and saw Harriet Smithson in person
Uses device called Indee Fixe
Each of the 5 movements of music tells a part of his obsession
Opera in 19th century
Mozart: wrote 2 operas in different styles (Italian and German) during the Romantic Era
Italian Opera 19th century
Giuseppe Verdi: greatest Italian composer of century
A. He was a member of the Carboni, underground group in italy
B. Wrote La Traviata
-Story of Violetta and Alfredo, Violetta dies
Bel Canto Style- focused on solo voice and melody
Orchestra supports melody
Cabeletta- fast aria that picks up at end of act
German Opera 19th century
Richard Wagner- very controversial and influential german, used endless melody, no distinction of aria and recitative= Ring Cycle
He wrote “The Ring...