Define each of the following terms in your own words:
• Boot sector - The most common way that a boot sector virus is spread is by leaving an infected disk in the disk drive of a computer. When it next starts up, the BIOS reads the volume boot record of that disk, receives the virus, and passes it into memory. From there it can spread to other drives, and to other disks inserted. A virus can also be passed over a network, however, if it is not properly protected, and may even be transmitted as an attachment to an email.
• File - A type of computer virus that inserts its malicious code into executable files on a system. When the infected file is opened or used the virus may overwrite the file and cause permanent damage to the content of the overwritten file. This type of virus targets a large range of operating systems, including Macintosh, UNIX, DOS, and Windows.
• Multipartite - a virus that attempts to attack both the boot sector and the executable, or program, files at the same time. When the virus attaches to the boot sector, it will in turn affect the system files, and when the virus attaches to the files, it will in turn infect the boot sector. This type of virus can re-infect a system over and over again if all parts of the virus are not eradicated.
• Macro - A macro virus is a computer virus that "infects" a Microsoft Word or similar application and causes a sequence of actions to be performed automatically when the application is started or something else triggers it. Macro viruses tend to be surprising but relatively harmless. A typical effect is the undesired insertion of some comic text at certain points when writing a line. A macro virus is often spread as an e-mail virus. A well-known example in March, 1999 was the Melissa virus.
• Trojan horse - In computers, a Trojan horse is a program in which malicious or harmful code is contained inside apparently harmless programming or data in such a way that it can get control and do its chosen...