Civil Engineering
Faculty of Engineering & Islamic Architecture
Berthing structures (quays)
(5-1) general: Berthing structure is a general term used to describe a marine structure for the mooring of vessels, for loading and unloading cargo, for embarking and disembarking passengers. In U.S.A. a berthing structure is referred to as a pier, and wharf, and in European terminology, a jetty, and quay. Berthing structures vary widely from port to port. The number of berths will depend upon the number of ships to use the port and the time it will take to discharge and take on cargo or passengers. The selection of the type of berth and the material used for its construction will depend upon a number of factors, such as: Local customs and practice: for example the massive quays are generally used in Europe, whereas, open and light structures are usually constructed in America. Availability of materials. Economy of construction. Size and weight of ships using the port. Method of construction. Berthing structures should be located in the most sheltered part of the harbor or along the lee side of the breakwaters. Where possible the berth should be so oriented as to have the ship alongside headed as nearly into the wind and waves as possible.
i- Classification of berths
Design of a new port at Duba
44
Civil Engineering
Faculty of Engineering & Islamic Architecture
Broad classification: Berths of open construction with their decks supported by piles. Berths of closed or solid construction, such as sheet-pile cells, caissons, block-type wall, and gravity walls. According to cargo type: General cargo. Dry bulk. Liquid or powdered bulk. Containers. Passengers. Petroleum tankers. Fish port. According to the berth shape :( figure 5-1) A quay is a berth parallel to the shore. A basin, dredged inside the land when the water area of the port is small. A pier or jetty is a berth projected into the water. Sometimes it is referred...