A cell is the structure and functional unit for all living organisms; cells are often referred to the building block for living things (1). Some cells consist of a single cell whereas others have many cells and are therefore known as multi-cellular. The two groups of cells are plant and animal cells (Eukaroyotic) and bacteria cells (prokartotic), which do not contain a nucleus (2). The human body is made up of trillions of cells, and although cells share a lot of the same features they come in a variety of shapes and sizes. All cells rely on the same basic strategy, which is to control what comes in and out, allow the necessary substances to maintain are health in, and also most cells replicate themselves (3). Cells are made up of many organelles, which give the cell its structure. Each cell will have a different structure depending on the function of that cell. Cells that are adapted for a certain function are known as specialized cells, these are multi-cellular cells. In order to understand the human body it is important to have an understanding of cells (4). Blood in the body is made up of blood cells, organs in the body such as muscle is made up of muscle cells, liver of liver cells and our nervous system is made of nerve cells.
Around 7-8% of the human body weight is made up from blood. There are two types of blood cells, red blood cells (RBC’s) also known as erythrocytes and white blood cells (WBC’s) or Leukocytes. All blood cells are produced in the bone marrow. A single drop of red blood contains millions of cells. RBC’s have several functions to play, the primary and most important is to transport oxygen from the lungs to tissues around the body, RBC’s also play an important part in removing waste carbon dioxide from the tissues in the body and transferring it to the lungs where it can then be breathed out (5). The structure of a RBC is important for it to carry out its role. A typical RBC is approximately 6-8 micrometer’s and although they appear...