Central Dogma
The central dogma is how DNA is information gets into protein. It can not flow back to the nucleic acid. Replication occurs in all living organisms to copy their DNA. In transcription the codons of a gene are copied into messenger by RNA polymerase. In translation the production of proteins come by decoding the mRNA produced in transcription .
DNA replication is the process which it occur in all living organisms it copies its DNA. It is the first stage of the central dogma. It replicates strand complementary to its original strand. This process is called semiconservative, here each strand of the original strand. This means two identical DNA molecules that have been produced from a single double strand DNA molecule. In a cell, the DNA replicates in the nucleus. The DNA helicase (which is a enzyme) is responsible for unwinding the double helix. DNA polymerases are used to initiate DNA synthesis. DNA replications are semiconsertative. The codon is a three-base code in DNA or RNA. AN okazaki fragment is a short fragment of DNA created on the lagging strand during DNA replication. It was discovered in 1968 by Reiji Okazaki. They are linked back together by DNA legate, and identical to each other and to the parent molecule.
Transcription is the second of the central dogma. DNA transcription is a prose that involves the transcribing of genetic information from DNA to mRNA. DNA is transcribed by an enzyme called RNA polymerase. Nucleotides tell RNA polymerase to transcribe only a single strand of DNA into a single strand of mRNA. In transcription, the codons of DNA are copied into messenger RNA. When it is completed , the transcript is released from the polymerase and then released from the nucleus.
The third and final stage of the central dogma is translation. Translation occurs in the cytoplasm where the ribosome, are located. TRNA transfers amino acids to the...