Some Questions
1 What are the advantages and disadvantages of participative decision making.
2. Techniques for improving decision making in today’s turbulent environment.
Oal Control
O control requires
Information about performance standards and actual performance
Take actions to correct any deviations from the standards; setting up metrics
Having correct data to see deviations
Control can refer to
Events before, during, or after a process
Selection of new cars/Selection of employees
Monitoring employees performance/Obtaining customer feedback
Three types of control
Feedforward control
Pre-employment test/Inspection of materials/Selection of workers
Concurrent Control
Monitoring employees/TQM/Employee self appraisal
Feedback Control
Analyse sales/Feedback from customers/Final quality inspection/Budgeting/Auditing
Feedback Control Model 图第八周
Three types of Control Strategies
Bureaucratic Control
Standardisation of procedures for control purposes/Use of rules, policies, hierachy of authority/Written documentation
Assumption is that managers must have the ability to control
Rational-legal authority/Traditional authority/Charismatic authority
Market Control
Price is used to evaluate output and productivity/Corporate sales
Profit and loss statements/Privatisation of public services
Individual departments interact with one another at market prices
Public sector departments bid against private companies
Oal Decline
Oal atrophy
Grows old, become inefficient and overly bureucratised
Inability to adapt to its environment/Stuck with existing practices and structures
Oal Vulnerability
Inability to prosper in its environment/No best fit to match changing environment
Environmental decline
Reduction in resources and energy available to support an O
The environment has less capacity to support Os
Total Quality Management
Infuse quality into every activity in a company through continuous improvement
Based on teamwork, increasing...