The arts have always been a huge part of Islam, not only in religion, but as a part of their culture. Theatre and dance, music, and visual arts are all very important aspects of Muslim culture, and have both religious and social significance.
There are many Islamic rulings that influence theatre and dance, many of which are gender specific. Dance is permissible for women, but only in a female only environment, and often performed at celebrations. Although women can dance, it is prohibited for men, with the exception of the whirling dervishes who use dance for worship. Theatre is permitted by Islam, but depictions of Allah, the prophet Muhammad, his companions, or any other matter of religion unseen is strictly prohibited. Theatre and the arts is not only used for entertainment, but also as a visual representation of their religion. A popular form of theatre in the medieval Islamic world was puppet theatre, as well as live passion plays where actors re-enact parts of Muslim history. Different types of puppet theatre took place such as hand puppets, shadow puppets, and marionette productions, and were often accompanied by music with drums, tambourines, flutes, etc.
Music is another huge part of Islamic culture and religion. Islamic music is mostly Muslim religious music, which is sung or performed in public services or private devotions. Their music is very diverse because Islam is multicultural, and the indigenous styles of music from the many cultures have shaped the devotional music of contemporary Muslims. As is true for many aspects of Islam beliefs, there are varied opinions on music for Muslims. Certain schools believe that music is forbidden, with the sole exception that women can play the Daf (a one sided drum) at celebrations and festivals, while others deem music permissible and a crucial component to their worship. Islam only allows singing without the accompaniment of a musical instrument in front of an audience of the same gender, and the...