Position isomers: This is exhibited by isomers in the same homologous series which have the same carbon skeleton but differ in the position of the functional group.
E.g. propan-1-ol propan-2-ol
H H H H H H
H C C C H H C C C H
H H OH H OH H
1,2 dichlorobenzene 1,3dichlorbenzne 1,4 dichlorobenzene
Functional group isomers: This is exhibited by isomers which have the same molecular formula but different functional groups.
E.g Propanol (aldehyde)
Propanone (ketone)(this is acetone eh)
H H
C C C C H
H O H
Tautomerism (not on syllabus -_-): this is exhibited by isomers which are in dynamic equilibrium. The two isomers rapidly interconnect moving from the keto form to enol form and vice versa.
e.g. ethyl 3 oxobutanoate
H3C – C- CH2- CO2C2H5 CH3- C = CH-CO2 C2 H5
ll l
O OH
Keto form enol form
Stereoisomerism
This occurs when two or more compounds have both same molecular formula and same structural formula, corresponding atoms being linked to the same atoms but different spacial arrangements of these bonds. This can...