INTRODUCTION:
Purpose: The purpose of this lab is to examine karyotypes to figure if there is anything wrong with the chromosomes. To be specific the project was based off to figure out if the karyotypes have any type of disorders or any type of syndromes that would effect the karyotype.
Chromosome: A chromosome is an organized structure of DNA, protein, and RNA found in cells. It is a single piece of DNA containing many genes, elements and other nucleotide sequences. Chromosomes also contain DNA proteins, which serve to package the DNA and control its functions. Chromosomes vary widely between different organisms. Typically, eukaryotic cells have large linear chromosomes and prokaryotic cells have smaller circular chromosomes.
Karyotypes: Karyotypes describe the number of chromosomes, and what they look like under a light microscope. Attention is paid to their length, the position of the centromeres, banding pattern, any differences between the sex chromosomes, and any other physical characteristics. The preparation and study of karyotypes is part of cytogenetic. The chromosomes are in a standard format: in pairs, ordered by size and position of centromere for chromosomes of the same size. The basic number of chromosomes in the somatic cells of an individual or a species is called the somatic number
Genetic Counseling: Genetic counseling is the process, by which patients or relatives, at risk of an inherited disorder, are advised of the consequences and nature of the disorder, the probability of developing or transmitting it, and the options open to them in management and family planning. How to treat the patient around home and other difficulties to come over.
Types of disorders: Down syndrome is typically associated with physical growth delays, a particular set of facial characteristics and a severe degree of intellectual disability. Klinefelter's syndrome is the set of symptoms resulting from additional X genetic material in males....