Macbeth is a political drama by William Shakespeare. In the play, Shakespeare’s characters are unable to see beneath appearance and as a result bring about their own peril. Duncan, the King of Scotland, and the father of two sons, lacks perception which made him fall victim to his trusted thane and cousin Macbeth. Macbeth is the protagonist, a general of the Scottish army and a war hero. Macbeth, like Duncan becomes King of Scotland and faces the consequences from a similar lack of awareness. Shakespeare also shows there are people who have a clear perception of reality and become successful and victorious. Malcolm is one of these characters that have perception. Malcolm, who is Duncan’s son, ironically, is the opposite of his father. Therefore, the ability to accurately perceive reality determines the success or failure of individuals. When play begins, the nation of Scotland is in the state of war (1:2). Duncan receives a report about Macbeth‘s valour and later a report about the Thane of Cawdor, Macdonwald, who betrayed the King by fighting with the Norwegians (1:2). As a result, Macdonwald was decapitated, Macbeth was given the title Thane of Cawdor and Malcolm becomes the heir of the throne. Macbeth begins to plot Duncan’s murder with his wife Lady Macbeth. (1:4). Again, Duncan is falling in the same trap as he did earlier in the play with Macdonwald. Unfortunately, Duncan arrives at Macbeth’s castle and is slain by Macbeth (1:7). King Duncan is crafted as a sensitive and generous man whose murder caused destruction and chaos. He is also benevolent ruler and a noble man. Yet, he is not able to intent that there are those who betrayed him such as Macdonwald and Macbeth. As Duncan said, “There is not art To find the mind’s construction in the face He was a gentleman on whom I built An absolute trust” (1:4:11-2). The significance of this quotation is that it is filled with irony. He was first betrayed by Macdonwald which had caused turmoil in Scotland. In...