Marcia’s Model of Identity
Human Development II
Based on Erik Erikson’s groundbreaking work on identity and psychosocial development, psychologist James Marcia refined and extended Erikson’s model, focusing on adolescent development (Berk, 2010). He differentiated the following four statuses of identity: identity diffusion, identity foreclosure, identity moratorium, and identity achievement.
Identity diffusion is the when a person has not yet went through a crisis or made commitment solely on their own. Most have not thought about their future. My journey through adolescent was full of enjoyable and carefree days, challenged by the unknown. I remember the overwhelmed choices of colleges, friends, sex, drugs, following my parent’s rules. In reflection, this seems to be the most confusing time of my life. During this time, I felt “grown-up", never realizing there was no point or a line I crossed over into “being grown". Instead, it has been a very long process of learning, development and efforts.
Identity foreclosure is the second status, which is when one has made a commitment but has not experienced a crisis. The majority of this status is the foundation of what was handed down by parents, blocking the adolescent chance to explore different approaches ideologies, and career. I remember the conflict I experienced between my needs, wants and my parents’ values, and between desire and fear of consequences. In reflection between ages 12- 20, my stress level and conflict between me and my parents was at its highest. In a reflection of my search for identity I explored different ideas, trends, and political views, etc. all challenging the moral values of my family. Through this journey, I learned from my choices and mistakes, many playing a part in my turning point in life. I remember the harsh consequences of some of my decisions and the realization that many of my healthy choices and strength stem from the foundation built by my...