Models of Abnormal Behavior
§ What are models?
Systems used to describe phenomena
Some theoretically based
Some empirically derived
§ If models are not fact why use them?
To derive and test hypotheses
To serve as a starting block
In psychotherapy case conceptualization
Models of Psychopathology
§ Biological
§ Psychological
Psychodynamic
Behavioral
Cognitive
Humanistic
Family Systems
Multicultural
Biological Models
§ Structural
Based upon functioning of structures in the brain
i.e. brain damage
Other examples?
§ Neurochemical
Chemical imbalance (what does this mean)
Ex. Dopamine in schizophrenia
Biological Models
§ Genetic
Genetic vulnerability
Genetic predisposition
Twin studies
Huntington's
Sequencing the genome possibilities?
Criticisms of Biological Model
§ Does not explain psychopathology with no biological determinant
§ Twin studies
§ Diathesis-stress models
§ Environmental-biological interactions
§ Limits treatment implications
Psychodynamic Model
§ Psychological disorders result from:
Trauma/anxiety during childhood
Repressed childhood anxieties
Freud pioneer in psychoanalysis
Believed that mental processes going on a subconscious level
Role of therapist to help client gain insight into these subconscious processes
Psychodynamic Model
§ Personality Structure
Id (pleasure principle)
Ego (reality principle)
Superego (conscience)
§ Psychosexual Stages
Oral
Anal
Phallic
Latency
Genital
Psychodynamic Model
§ Freud’s theory of psychopathology based upon three types of anxiety
Realistic anxiety
Moralistic Anxiety
Neurotic Anxiety
§ Freud speculated that repression occurred when anxiety gets out of control.
§ Protect, operate unconsciously and distort reality
§ Examples of repression?
Psychodynamic Model
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