Devon Davila
US History II
Chapter 20
Section 1
World War I Breaks Out
I. The Origins Of The War
A. Europe appeared peaceful- no major wars were fought since the 1870’s
B. The root of this issue was the sense of Nationalism in Europe
1. Nationalism was particularly strong in northern, central, and eastern Europe
2. Pan-German Movement- sought to unite all German-speaking people under one flag
3. Pan-Slavic Movement- sought to unite all Slavic people under one flag
4. This was bound to cause problems, as many Slavs lived in Austria-Hungary, which was a part of the German world
C. Territorial rivalry was also a main cause of the tension in Europe
1. Austria-Hungary’s annexation angered Serbia because Serbia had “designs” in the provinces as well
2. Russia sought to expand to obtain ice-free harbors, but Germany wanted to stop this expansion
3. France wanted to recover Alsace-Lorraine, which the Germans had conquered in 1871
4. Italy wanted nearby territories that belonged to Austria-Hungary
D. Militarism- glorification of armed strength
1. European countries built up their armies, trying to be bigger than those of their neighbors
2. Austria-Hungary, Germany, and Italy formed the Triple Alliance
3. Great Britain, France, and Russia formed the Triple Entente
E. The Balkans were unstable and could spark action between the countries
1. The conflict would also relate to nationalist rivalries
F. The conflict started in 1914
1. The Archduke of Austria-Hungary was assassinated along with his wife in Bosnia by assassin Gavrilo Princip
2. Austria-Hungary declared war on Serbia in suspicion that Serbia knew of Princip’s plans
3. Russia sided with Serbia and Germany allied with Austria-Hungary
4. Great Britain, France, and Italy were the Allied Powers
5. Germany, Austria-Hungary, the Ottoman Empire, and Bulgaria were the Central Powers
II. The Early Weeks Of The War
A. The Germans devised a plan in the early part of the war
1. They wanted to...