PEST

PEST

International PEST or ETPS

Economic____________
Technological_____________
Political-Legal_________
Socio-cultural__________

Economic development
Regulations on technology transfer
Form of government
Customs, norms, values
Per capita income
Energy availability/cost
Political ideology
Language
Climate
Natural resource availability
Tax laws
Demographics
GDP trends
Transportation network
Stability of government
Life expectancies
Monetary and fiscal policies
Skill level of workforce
Government attitude towards foreign companies
Social institutions
Unemployment levels
Patent-trademark protection
Regulations on foreign ownership of assets
Status symbols

Currency convertibility
Internet availability
Strength of opposition groups
Lifestyle
Wage levels
Telecommunication infrastructure
Trade regulations
Religious beliefs

Nature of competition

Protectionist sentiments
Attitudes toward foreigners
Membership in regional economic associations, e.g. EU, NAFTA, ASEAN

Foreign policies


Literacy level
Membership in World Trade Organization

Terrorist activity
Human rights
Outsourcing capability

Legal system
Environmentalism


PEST or ETPS

some important variables in the social environment

Economic_____________
Technological__________
Political-Legal_________
Socio-cultural_________

GDP Trends
Total government spending
Antitrust regulations
Lifestyle changes
Interest rates
Total industry spending
Environmental protection laws
Career expectations
Money supply
Total industry spending for R&D
Tax laws
Consumer activism
Inflation rates
Focus of technological efforts
Special incentives
Rate of family formation
Unemployment levels
Patent protection
Foreign trade regulations
Growth rate of population
Wage/price controls
New products
Attitudes toward foreign companies
Age distribution of population
Devaluation/revaluation
New developments in technology transfer from lab to...

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