Introduction
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are among the leading causes of morbidity and premature mortality worldwide. Yet, it has long been known that its importance varies considerably among populations, across space and through time. In 2004, the death rate from ischaemic heart disease (IHD) among those under 65 was almost twice as high in the UK as in Spain, yet in 1970 it had been five times higher. During the 1990s, when death rates from CVD were falling rapidly in western Europe and North America, there were rising elsewhere, in some parts of eastern Europe and in many developing countries (1). Furthermore, one hundred years ago, cardiovascular disease accounted for less than 10% of death. As the jeopardy of dying from communicable diseases decremented and the population aged, the encumbrance of the heart disease incremented. In addition, In the past several years, cardiovascular diseases accounted for more than 30% of death ecumenical and for proximately 50% of deaths in the industrial world. The majority of cardiovascular deaths are cognate to coronary heart disease (figure.1). It is presaged that by the year 2020 coronary heart disease will exceed infectious disease the world’s leading cause of death and morbidity. While alimental standards and control infectious illnesses has markedly amended, cardiovascular diseases and associated mortality perpetuate to increment. These diseases have been gradually superseded by chronic diseases such as coronary heart disease and cancer. The trend of superseding infection and malnutrition with ischemic heart disease and malignancies initially appeared in developed countries, but withal has been observed to gradually elongate to developing countries. In parallel, behavioural changes have only directly contributed to the incidence of coronary heart disease; the transition to sedentary lifestyle and decremented daily caloric expenditure coupled with incremented caloric intake enriched with saturated adipose result in...