What is protein?
* Proteins are macromolecules consisting of long chain of amino acid subunits held together by peptide bonds.
* The peptide bonds result from the elimination of water between the carboxyl group of one amino acid and the amino group of the next in line.
* Individual proteins are distinguished by the number and order of amino acids in the chain- the sequence and primary structure.
* The chain of amino acids folded into three-dimensional structure, expressing the secondary structure (local folding into - helix and - sheet) and tertiary structure.
Functions: To supply the materials required for the growth and repair of body tissues; to supply amino acids for the synthesis of enzymes and hormones and act as supplementary source of energy.
How much is it enough?
TABLE!!!
Side effects of too much:
Extra proteins can cause kidney problems in people. A diet with too much protein stresses up the kidneys, making it difficult for them to function. This can also result in the development of kidney stones.
Consuming a diet high in carbohydrates and low in fats can lead to less consumption of fiber, thus resulting in excess protein in the body. This can in turn, lead to constipation.
Another important side effect of too much protein is the accumulation of ketones in the blood, a condition that is known as ketosis. The kidneys flush out excess proteins along with water, which can lead to dehydration, thus making you feel weak and tired.
The amount of calcium required by the body increases with the amount of protein consumed. If your body in unable to get the minimum required calcium, it will start leeching out calcium from your bones. This condition can become worse and lead to osteoporosis, where the bones tend to become brittle and break off easily.
While handling excess protein, kidneys become unable to process uric acid quickly, thus leading to gout, a type of arthritis. Uric acid accumulates...