Question 1.
(a) Explain the meaning and state an example for each answer given for the following terms.
i) Hazard
ii) Risk
iii) Danger
(b) Using one appropriate example, describe the inter-relationship between Hazard, Risk and Danger.
Question 2.
(a) In your own word explain the following elements of the OSH management systems;
i) OSH Policy
ii) Continual Improvement
iii) Management review
Answers:
1(a):
i. Hazard - a source, situation, or act with a potential for harm in terms of human injury or ill health and damage to property.
For example many workers are injured and killed at the workplace every day in United State. To prevent workplace from injuries and illness is by looking at workplace operation, establishing proper job procedures, and ensuring that all employees are trained properly. The Safety and Health Officer at the organization should be concern surrounding workplace to avoid any incident or accident happen. The best way to determine and establish proper work procedure is to conduct a job hazard analysis.
Below is the example of hazard and consequences:
.
No
Workplace hazard
Example of hazard
Example of harm caused
1.
Thing
knife
Cut
2.
Substance
benzene
leukemia
3.
condition
Wet floor
Slips, falls
4.
process
welding
Metal fume fever
5.
Source of energy
electricity
Shock
ii. Risk - a combination of the likelihood of an occurrence of a hazardous event or exposure with specified period or in specified circumstances and the severity of injury or damage to the health of people, property, environment or any combination of these caused by the event or exposure.
Risk is the chance or probability that a person will be harmed or experience an adverse health effect if exposed to a hazard. It may also apply to a situations with property or equipment loss. For example the risk of developing cancer from smoking cigarettes could be expressed as cigarette smoker are 12 times (for example)...