Informal lab report: Experiment #1
Solubility tests and Recrystallization
Results and calculations:
ligroin
toluene
Ethanol
water
Anthracene
Insoluble
Soluble/cold
White amorphous
insoluble
Soluble/hot
White amorphous
Benzoic Acid
Partly soluble
White needles
Insoluble
Soluble
White needles
Insoluble
Phthalic Acid
Insoluble
Insoluble
Insoluble
Insoluble
Resorcinol
Soluble
White needles
Soluble
White needles
Soluble/cold
White prisms
Soluble/cold
White needles
Sodium salt
insoluble
Soluble
Red amorphous
insoluble
Soluble/hot
Red amorphous
Functional Group
Experimental peak (cm-1)
Literature peak (cm-1)
C=O
1659.2
1660
O-H Carboxyl group
2200-3480
2300-3450
O-H Phenol
3100-3450
3200-3600
C-H
2800
2850
C=C
1440-1612
1475-1610
Percent recovery calculation:
Percent recovery = *100 = *100 = 20.5%
DISCUSSION:
In this experiment we tried to prepare compounds as pure of a state as possible because it’s essential in organic chemistry when doing experiments. In the first part or the experiment solubility tests were performed to help enforce the concept "like dissolve like". We tested five different compounds which were anthracene, benzoic acid, phthalic acid, resorcinol and the sodium salt. And the solvents were ligroin, toluene, ethanol and water. we had to test each compound in a cold solvent first to see if it would dissolve, if not, we had to heat the solvent up until the compound dissolved, and not all compounds dissolved of course. Some compounds did not dissolve or dissolved easily because of the difference in the polarity and functional groups between the solvents and the solutes. For example, ethanol will dissolve many law to medium weight alcohols based on the principle we mentioned before "like dissolves like”. Polar substances dissolve other polar substances and will not dissolve nonpolar substances, nonpolar substances dissolve other nonpolar substances and will not dissolve polar...