Vasfiye Derya ŞEN
1481126
Quiz 4: Explain surplus value.
There is a difference between money and capital. In the simlpe circulation to sell something
to buy another thing and there is no surplus but in the capitalist circulation a capitalist has
some money, he buys a commodity with the money and he must create a new value of the
commodity when he consumes, then he can sell this for much more money than when he
bought this commodity and there is a surplus. Therefore a capitalist buy a human labor
power such as tissue, nerves to create a new value and makes surplus. And also the capital
makes from human’s labor to commodities. So then human labor power has become a
commodity and like other commoties it is an exhange and a use value. A capitalist does not
buy the human labor but he buys the human’s labor power because the human labor power
can produce when it is consumed and the capitalist make this in the ways of unpaid surplus
labor. He forces a worker to work for 12 hours and he just pays for 6 hours, so the rest 6
hours is paid surplus labor. He necessarily pays to the worker for 6 hours because the worker
can survive and provide his needs like feeding, housing etc. And also the worker can buy his
own products because for the capitalist the surplus is not directly capital but commodities.
There are two ways of increasing the rate of surplus value; longer working and increasing
productivity. This creates a slavian circle. Although workers work longer, they earn less
money, and their survival needs will reduce and therefore the necessarily labor time will
become 4 hours but they still work 12 hours. Moreover like as now, humans are forced to
think that they become much more valuable by means of which they have much more
commodities by media. For example if you have a i-phone you are more valueable. So then
the worker buy a i-phone although he hardly affords his living needs. Another example of
the capitalist system...