The Greeks (Greek: Έλληνες, IPA: [ˈe̞line̞s]) are a nation and ethnic group native to Greece, Cyprus and neighbouring regions. In addition, Greeks have established a plethora of vibrant expatriate communities around the world, forming a large Greek diaspora.[20]
Greek colonies and communities have been historically established in most corners of the Mediterranean but Greeks have always been centered around the Aegean Sea, where Greek has been spoken since antiquity.[21] Until the early 20th century, Greeks were uniformly distributed between the Greek peninsula, the western coast of Asia Minor, Pontus, Cyprus and Constantinople, regions which coincided to a large extent with the borders of the Byzantine Empire of the late 11th century and the Eastern Mediterranean areas of the ancient Greek colonization.[22]
In the aftermath of the Greco-Turkish War (1919-1922), a large-scale population exchange between Greece and Turkey transferred and confined ethnic Greeks almost entirely into the borders of the modern Greek state and Cyprus. Other ethnic Greek populations can be found from Southern Italy to the Caucasus and in diaspora communities in a number of other countries. Today, the vast majority of Greeks are at least nominally adherents of Greek Orthodoxy.[23][24]
Contents
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* 1 History
o 1.1 Mycenaean
o 1.2 Classical
o 1.3 Hellenistic
o 1.4 Roman
o 1.5 Ottoman
o 1.6 Modern
* 2 Identity
o 2.1 Polyonymy
o 2.2 Genetic origins
o 2.3 Modern and ancient
o 2.4 Demographics
o 2.5 Diaspora
+ 2.5.1 Ancient
+ 2.5.2 Modern
* 3 Culture
o 3.1 Language
o 3.2 Religion
o 3.3 Art
o 3.4 Science
o 3.5 Symbols
o 3.6 Surnames
o 3.7 Sea
* 4 Timeline
* 5 References
* 6 Further reading
* 7 External links
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