The role of enzymes in biological reactions

The role of enzymes in biological reactions

The role of enzymes in biological reactions
Lab report
BIOL 1003
Lab #3












Student number: 100978172
Student name: Chenying Dai
Lab section #3
Partner: Katherine Cho
2014/11/02
Introduction
Enzymes are protein catalysts, which are not consumed during the reactions, the reaction does not affect the chemical balance. Enzymes not only used to accelerate the reactions rate, but also to reduce the rate of reactions. (Reece et al., 2014) Enzyme in the catalytic reaction system, the reactant molecules are known substrates, the substrate is catalyzed by the enzyme conversion of another molecule. Almost all cellular activities of enzymes involved in the process are required in order to improve efficiency of the reaction. Enzymes have a high degree of specificity, only the specific reaction catalyzed. Enzyme activity can also be affected by temperature, chemical environment (e.g. pH values), substrate concentration and many other factors influence.
Spectrophotometers can be used to determine the amount of a substance in solution by measuring the amount of light transmitted or absorbed as light of a specific wavelength passes through the specimen. A spectrophotometer is used to measure the enzyme activity. (Biology Department, 2014)
The α-amylases enzymes are called 1,4-α-D-Glucan-glucanohydrolase. Amylase catalyzed hydrolysis of starch to sugar is an enzyme. Amylases are present in human saliva and other mammals, wherein the chemical process which begins to digest. Contains a lot of starch, and a little sugar. In animals, it is a major digestive enzyme, the optimum pH is 6.7-7.0, optimum temperature of 25 degrees.
The enzyme activity can promote the response, under the same reaction but without the absence of the enzyme, these reactions can be very slow and even some response rate close to the half age of the earth, but through the water molecules and enzymes become solvent after reaction with substrate can improve faster response...

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