Time Value of Money

Time Value of Money

Review Fundamentals of Valuation

These class notes review this material and also provide some help for a financial calculator. It also has some self-test questions and problems. Class notes are necessarily brief. See any principles of finance book for a more extensive explanation.

Eugene F. Brigham, Joel F. Houston Fundamentals of financial management HG 4026 B6693 1998
Ross, Stephen A, Westerfield, and Jordan Fundamentals of corporate finance HG 4026 .R677 1995

PART I: Single Sum.

Time Value of Money: Know this terminology and notation

FV Future Value
(1+i)t Future Value Interest Factor [FVIF]

PV Present Value
1/(1+i)t Present Value Interest Factor [PVIF]

i Rate per period

t # of time periods


Question: Why are (1+i) and (1+i)t called interest factors?

Answer: 1. Start with simple arithmetic problem on interest:

How much will $10,000 placed in a bank account paying 5% per year be worth compounded annually?

Answer: Principal + Interest
$10,000 + $10,000 x .05 = $10,500

2. Factor out the $10,000.
10,000 x (1.05) = $10,500

3. This leaves (1.05) as the factor.


1. Find the value of $10,000 earning 5% interest per year after two years.
Start with the amount after one year and multiply by the factor for each year.
[Amount after one year] x (1.05)
= [$10,000 x (1.05)] x (1.05)
= $10,000 x (1.05)2
= $11,025.

.


A. Future Value

Find the value of $10,000 in 10 years. The investment earns 5% per year.

FV = $10,000·(1+i)·(1+i)·(1+i)·(1+i)·(1+i)·(1+i)·(1+i)·(1+i)·(1+i)·(1+i)
FV = $10,000·(1.05)·(1.05)·(1.05)·(1.05)·(1.05)·(1.05)·(1.05)·(1.05)·(1.05)·(1.05)
FV = $10,000 x (1.05)10
= $10,000 x 1.62889
= $16,289

Find the value of $10,000 in 10 years. The investment earns 8% for four years and then earns 4% for the remaining six years.
FV =...

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