SOCIOLOGY – AQA – UNIT 4 - CRIME AND DEVIANCE
The exam is split into 3 questions:
Q.1 is a pure methods section which contains two parts a) 12 marks and b) 21 marks. You should spend 45 minuets on this question.
Q.2 is a method in context question. Part a) is for 9 marks [could also be a 3 and 6 mark question] and part b) is for 15 marks. You should spend 30 minuets on this question.
Q.3 is a theories essay for 33 marks. THIS QUESTION IS SYNOPTIC! You should spend 45 minuets on this question.
Below is a list of all the areas and studies you need to know for each section of the exam. Don’t worry if you don’t know all the studies, each college/school are likely to teach slightly different ones, just make sure you know about that amount for each section.
Q.1
For the first two pure crime parts you need to know:
Functionalist theories of crime and deviance
Durkheim – Social control, social regulation including suicide
Merton-Strain theory, blocked aspirations
Cohen – Status frustration
Cloward and Ohlin – Deviant subcultures
New Right/Right Realism
James Wilson – Strict law enforcement needed
Wilson and Kelling – Broken windows, zero tolerance
Murray – Cultural deprivation, single parents and ineffective, the underclass
Erdos – Families without fathers
Subcultural theories
Cohen – Delinquent subcultures
Cloward and Ohlin – Delinquency and opportunity, criminal, conflict and retreatist subcultures
Willis – pupil subcultures (learning to labour)
Patrick – Gang culture (Glasgow gangs)
Humphreys – Gay subcultures and covert participant observation
Miller – Focal concerns, lower working class male subculture
Matza – Delnquency and drift, techniques of neutralisation, subterranean values
Marxist theories of crime and deviance
Gordon – Criminogenic capitalism, ideology, crime as a working class problem
Chambliss – Corporate/white collar crime, e.g. Bhopal disaster
Box – Selective law enforcement practices
Pearce – Crime, power and...