Test 1 Outline (ch. 1,2,3,4)
Most important themes and central issues addressed in the chapters
Victimization and its measurement
Victimization causing someone to feel that they are treated unfairly
Fear, financial/emotional costs, lifestyle restrictions are impacts of crime. MEDIA plays huge role in this
Failure to take precautions, actions that may provoke or entice, refusing to assist with police are all behaviors that invite crime
Young residents of lower-income communities likely to be victimized by a crime
Higher crime areas without being able to afford home security systems. More likely to travel to & from work in the evening
Race & social status in the U.S. – African Americans are more frequently victimized by crime than are whites
Women – crimes against women usually committed by acquaintances or relatives of victims
MOST – teenaged African Americans, male or female. Varies by year
LEAST – elderly white females
Rape & sexual assault – crimes most likely committed by non-stranger
Robbery – crimes most likely committed by stranger
Police and lawyers often ask victims questions in an unsympathetic manner. Because of this, crime victims feel mistreated by the justice system
LOCATION
Definitions/types of crime
Mala in se wrong in themselves (murder, rape, assault)
Mala prohibita prohibited by law, but not with self (vagrancy, gambling)
Due process – freedom is important, every effort must be made to ensure criminal justice decisions are based on reliable information. Emphasizes the adversarial process and the rights of defendants.
Crime control – freedom is important, every effort must be made to repress crime. Emphasizes efficiency
Classifications - Misdemeanors & Felonies
Visible crime – “street crime,” “ordinary crime,” mostly by members of lower social classes. Most upsetting to the public
Occupational crime – committed through opportunities created in a legal business or occupation. NOT JUST “WHITE-COLLAR CRIME”, they...