Background
Newtons Laws
1. Objects at rest tend to stay at rest unless acted upon by an unbalanced external force.
2. Force is equal to the mass times the acceleration of an object.
3. For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction.
Hooke’s law
The force needed to extend or compress a spring by some distance is proportional to that distance. where is a constant characteristic of the spring; its stiffness.
Experimental Errors
1. Equipment might not have been calibrated correctly
2. Found negative acceleration as we travelled towards the motion sensor and not away, thus having a negative displacement from our initial starting point.
3. Displacement of spring may not have been exactly 0.04, and 0.08 metres when collapsed, parallax errors occurred in finding of spring length.
4. Weight of cart & weights may not have been weighed on a calibrated scale and thus not be the true weight, also weights may shift during experiment recording which changes the Centre of Gravity of the cart.
Calculating Errors
1. Force will be the opposite of your acceleration in this experiment, as the spring pushes the opposite direction that the cart travels.
2. Mass of cart with weights may not be exactly
Torque
is the angle between the force and the axis of rotation.
Friction
Where is the coefficient of friction.
:
Starting friction is always more than sliding friction.
Rolling friction is always less than sliding friction.
Friction is always in the direction opposing motion.
Sliding friction is practically independent of surface area.
COG, BOS, and LOG
COG – Centre of Gravity
Centre of gravity is the single point at which all parts of an object are equally balanced. The centre of gravity can lie outside an object, especially if the object is bent over or leaning in a certain direction.
BOS – Base of Support
Base of support is the area within an objects point of contact with the ground. The larger the area the...