Introduction
The Sino Japanese War of 1937-45 and Chinese Civil War can be seen as two crucial wars in the military history of Chinese Communist Party (CCP). The Sino Japanese War played an important role in the expansion of CCP. From the war, its Red Army, the origin of Chinese People’s Liberation Army (PLA), had grown to1.3 million soldiers. This growth enabled PLA to challenge its rival party Guomindang (GMD) in the Chinese Civil War. The Chinese Civil War directly led into the establishment of the People’s Republic of China which CCP had won dominant position in China. In fact, the military victories of PLA over Japanese and GMD were absolutely surprising. Both Japanese and Nationalist armies had superior military power over PLA during the war. However, their poor performances at the wars squandered most of the benefits they had and resulted in their terminal defeats. Communist brilliant military tactics and the external factors also contributed to the military victories of PLA.
The Sino Japanese War
The military victory of the People’s Liberation Army over the Japanese was undoubtedly a paradox because Chinese forces lost in every major resistance to Japanese Invasion. With the advanced military power, Japanese Army occupied major portion of China including Nanking, the Chinese capital, but it could not end the war and eventually lost. The victory of Chinese forces was not only a matter of Japanese mistake in the military strategy but two more fundamental factors which were the international interference and communist tactical strategies. In terms of Japanese military tactics, there was a major mistake that the movement of Japanese Army was generally relied on Chinese railway. Although the railway could bolster up the efficiency of transporting Japanese troops and its military materials, Chinese forces could be easy to forecast Japanese movement and harass their enemy. Chinese railway system also restricted the progress of Japanese Invasion as...