1. The word as the basic unit of the language. The size-of-unit and identity-of-unit problems.
Lex studies the word of the vocabulary of the language. The term lex comes from Greek. “lexic” means “word” and “logos” means the study of. The word studies from different points of view. EG: It was a very good ball. (the exam. shows that without the context we can give two translations and it touches upon semantics.) EG: The temp. (-orary)(сокращение) – название фильма “Временная секретарша» (this example touches upon the problem of word-building. This word is a shortening.) EG: Crackerjack (this example touches upon of the problem of stylistic classification of the eng. vocabulary. this word are explained in the dictionary of slang as a person who is remarkable, perfect).
This examples show that the word is a unity of meaning and form.
In speech a word is realized in one of its meanings and in a certain wordform. All the forms of the word make up its paradigm. EG: to take: takes, took, taken, taking (парадигмы).
there are several problems connected with the word.
The side-of-unit problem (проблема проведения границ между словом и словосочетанием.)
EG: 1.) shipwrecks (кораблекрушение) 2.) the wrecks of the ships (крушение корабля) a) wrecks b) ships c) wrecks/ships
The size of unit problem makes us investigate the size of the border line between a word and a word combination in speech N1 is a word, N2 is a word combination. To prove that we have to use the criterion of single and separate grammatical framing. N1 and N2 are different in the grammatical framing. In N1 it is single framing. In N2 it is separate framing, it can be formed in 3 times: a, b, c.
Besides that we can insert one or separate word in a word combination. EG: The wreck of a big ship (this is an additional criterion and it shows the unit of the word, because we can’t insert any element between the parts of the word.
The identify-of-unit problem (проблема поиска границ между значениями...