Popular sovereignty – Lewis Cass was father of popular sovereignty. The doctrine that stated that sovereign people of a territory, under the general principles of the constitution, should themselves determine the status of slavery. Free Soil Party – Ardent antislavery men in the North who distrusted both Cass and Taylor. They were aroused by the conspiracy of silence in the Democratic and Whig platforms. They came out foursquare for the Wilmot Proviso and against slavery in the territories. “Conscience” Whigs – The Whigs praised the compromise of The Whig party split. Antislavery Whigs from the North swallowed Scott as their nominee, but deplored his platform. “Personal liberty laws” – denied local jails to federal officials and otherwise hampered enforcement. “Fire-eaters” – northern abolitionists and impassioned southerner. Clayton Bulwer Treaty – A confrontation with Britain was avoided. It stipulated that neither America nor Britain would fortify or seek exclusive control over any future isthmian waterway. Filibustering – expeditions numbering several armed men, descended upon Cuba. “Higher law” – Seward made reference excluding slavery in the territories, to an even “higher law” than the constitution. Gadsden Purchase – James Gadsden was appointed minister to Mexico. He negotiated a treaty which ceded to the U.S. the Gadsden Purchase area for $10 million. Northerners objected paying a huge sum for a cactus-strewn desert. The purchase enabled the South to claim the coveted railroad. Hinton Helper/_The Impending Crises of the South_ – Hinton hated both slavery and blacks, he attempted to prove by an array of statistics that indirectly the non slave-holding whites were the ones who suffered most from the millstone of slavery. New England Immigrant Aid Society – An antislavery organization, which sent about two thousand...