Ncient History Pompeii and Herculaneum

Ncient History Pompeii and Herculaneum

Ancient History

Pompeii and Vesuvius

Geographical context

The Nature of Sources and Evidence

Sources of Evidence |
Written | Archaeological |
* Ancient texts in letters (epigraphic), poems, speeches, histories * Inscriptions on buildings and statues * Business documents on waxed tablets * Papyrus scrolls, in Greek * Signs * Graffiti; personal, political, commercial * Labels on wine jars * Election slogans * Tombstones * Advertisements * coins | * Buildings and streets * Monuments * Decorative features: wall paintings and floor mosaics * Public utilities: water pipes, fountains, toilets, drainage systems * Artefacts relating to trade, commerce and manufacturing * Artefacts relating to medicine, health and hygiene * Jewelry: rings, bracelets, necklaces * Weapons and armor * Modification to roads, paths and buildings * Human remains * Animal remains * Plant remains * Food remains * Laboring equipment |

Social Structure

Men | Women |
* Had full legal rights * Could hold political office * Included wealthy landowners and businessmen * Could be councilors * Controlled pubic finances, spaces and religion * Had privileged seats in amphitheater and theatre * Received honorary status as tombs | * Could not hold formal political status * Were under legal control of fathers and husbands * Could own property * Conducted business * Constructed businesses and tombs * Held priesthoods * Supported electoral candidates * Received honorary status and tombs |
Freed Slaves |
* Voted in elections * Owned businesses * Participated in religious cults * Could not hold formal political office | * Could not hold formal political office * Some worked for former masters |

Slaves
* Approximately 40% of the population
* Little evidence of their lives remain
* Few houses has separate slave quarters
* Domestic work common
* Few graves had...

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