6.3
Water going from a solid to a liquid: Melting
Water going from a liquid to a gas: Evaporation
Water going from a solid to a gas: Sublimation
Water going from a liquid to a solid: Freezing
Water going from a gas to a liquid: Condensation
Water going from a gas to a solid: Deposition
1. What are clouds made of?
Clouds are made of drops of water or ice.
2. Using words or a labelled diagram, explain how hailstones are formed.
Hail forms when thunderstorm updrafts are strong enough to carry water droplets well above the freezing level. This freezing process forms a hailstone, which can grow as additional water freezes onto it.
3. How can hailstones get as large as the one in the photograph above?
Hailstones are so large because from precipitation.
4. Explain the difference between snow and sleet.
Snow forms when there is cold air (below freezing) and precipitation falls. Snow is made out of ice crystals. Sleet occurs when rain falls from warm air (above freezing) and passes through cold air (below freezing) on the way down, and freezes into ice pellets.
5. What is meteorology concerned with?
Meteorology includes the observation, explanation and prediction of weather and climate.
6. What is humidity a measure of?
Humidity is a measure of the amount of water vapour in the air.
7. Suggest why extra-large hailstones are more common in summer than winter.
Winter thunderstorms result from atmospheric instability created by very cold air aloft.
Summer thunderstorms result from atmospheric instability created primarily by very warm and moist air in the lower levels.
Hail is a summer phenomenon. Rain drops are repeatedly swept aloft by the strong updrafts found in thunderstorms where they freeze and descend. The hailstone grows in size with each round trip in the updraft. When the hailstone can no longer be suspended by the updraft...it falls to earth.
8. Ski resort operators suffer a shortage of snow in some years. What...